Wine Merchant Frederick Worth Jailed as a Spy in Cologne, 1870

The Firm of Delattre and Worth In 1870, wine merchants Delattre and Worth ran their business the way many small firms trading across the English Channel did: one partner in each capital, ledgers and letters crossing the water more often than the partners themselves. Frederick Gonner Worth, the junior partner, handled the London side from … Read more

Tennis Diplomats: How Cold War America Judged Women’s Bodies, 1941-1959

The Body on the Court In 1941, Alice Marble turned professional and put her name behind the government’s home-front fitness campaign. She toured the country in exhibition matches with fellow player Mary Hardwick, promoting conditioning for women and children, playing for servicemen and servicewomen, visiting military hospitals, and helping sell war bonds. She had reached … Read more

Eiffel Tower: the 1887 protest letter that Paris lost

In February 1887, a roll call of Paris’s most decorated painters, architects, poets, and composers signed a public letter calling Gustave Eiffel’s half-finished tower a disgrace to their city. They lost the argument almost as soon as they made it. Within two years the tower stood complete on the Champ de Mars, and within a … Read more

Vienna Secession: born in 1897 revolt, split by 1905

Before the Walkout On April 3, 1897, nineteen artists sat down in a Viennese coffee house and agreed to break away from Vienna’s official art establishment. What they built afterward, a magazine, a building, a name borrowed from ancient Rome, outlasted the unity that had founded it by less than a decade. The Coffee House, … Read more